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Настоящее Руководство было разработано ОЭСР и ФАО в помощь предприятиям в процессе соблюдения ими стандартов ответственного ведения бизнеса и проведения комплексной экспертизы производственно-сбытовых цепочек в секторе сельского хозяйства с тем, чтобы их хозяйственная деятельность могла способствовать обеспечению устойчивого развития. Руководство включает в себя следующее:

· Типовая политика предприятия, определяющая стандарты, которые предприятия должны соблюдать для создания ответственных производственно-сбытовых цепей в сфере сельского хозяйства;

· Система проведения комплексной риск-ориентированной экспертизы, содержащая описание пяти шагов, которые должны быть предприняты предприятиями для определения, оценки, минимизации и учета мер по устранению неблагоприятных воздействий от своей деятельности;

· Описание основных рисков, с которыми сталкиваются предприятия, и меры по минимизации таких рисков;

· Руководство по вопросам взаимодействия с коренными народами.

Chinese, Spanish, French, Vietnamese, Portuguese, All
  • 10 Dec 2020
  • OECD
  • Pages: 138

The OECD Review of Fisheries 2020 aims to support policy makers and sector stakeholders in their efforts to deliver sustainable and resilient fisheries that can provide jobs, food, and livelihoods for future generations. The Review updates and analyses the OECD fisheries support estimate (FSE) database, the most comprehensive, detailed, and consistent collection of country level data on governments support to fisheries. It also presents and analyses newly-assembled data on the health of fish stocks; on the management of key stocks of commercial interest; and on the governance of fisheries across OECD countries and emerging economies with large fishing sectors. The report sheds light on how governments are managing fisheries to minimise detrimental impacts on resources and ecosystems, eliminate illegal, unregulated and unreported (IUU) fishing, while increasing the socio-economic benefits from fishing. It suggests priorities for action both at the national level and for the international community.

French
  • 09 Dec 2020
  • OECD
  • Pages: 102

This brochure is published within the framework of the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables established by OECD in 1962. It comprises explanatory notes and illustrations to facilitate the uniform interpretation of the current avocados standard. This updated brochure illustrates the revised standard text on avocados. It demonstrates the quality parameters on high quality photographs. Thus it is a valuable tool for the inspection authorities, professional bodies and traders interested in international trade in avocados. This brochure is trilingual (English, French, Spanish) and available in electronic format only.

  • 09 Dec 2020
  • OECD
  • Pages: 74

This brochure is published within the framework of the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables established by OECD in 1962. It comprises explanatory notes and illustrations to facilitate the uniform interpretation of the current mango standard. This updated brochure illustrates the revised standard text on mangoes. It demonstrates the quality parameters on high quality photographs. Thus it is a valuable tool for the inspection authorities, professional bodies and traders interested in international trade in mangoes. The brochure is available in electronic format only.

  • 17 Nov 2020
  • OECD
  • Pages: 71

This brochure is published within the framework of the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables established by OECD in 1962. It comprises explanatory notes and high quality photographs to facilitate the uniform interpretation of the Root and Tubercle Vegetables standard. It is thus a valuable tool for the inspection authorities, professional bodies and traders interested in international trade of Root and Tubercle Vegetables.

  • 13 Oct 2020
  • OECD, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
  • Pages: 352

El informe OCDE-FAO Perspectivas Agrícolas 2020-2029 es un trabajo conjunto de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE) y la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO), en el que se incorporan los conocimientos especializados de los países miembros que colaboraron y de las organizaciones internacionales de productos básicos. Presenta proyecciones de mercado para la oferta y la demanda nacional, regional y mundial de los principales productos básicos agrícolas, los biocombustibles y el pescado.

Durante la preparación del informe OCDE-FAO Perspectivas Agrícolas 2020-2029, los efectos exactos de la pandemia del COVID-19 sobre los mercados agrícolas seguían siendo en gran medida desconocidos y, por consiguiente, no se incluyeron en las proyecciones de referencia. No obstante, en las Perspectivas se describen los canales de transmisión de los impactos del COVID-19 en los diversos sectores alimentario y agrícola.

En agri‑outlook.org puede consultarse información complementaria al respecto.

English, French, Chinese
  • 02 Oct 2020
  • OECD, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
  • Pages: 225

《经合组织-粮农组织2020-2029年农业展望》(以下简称《展望》)是经济合作与发展组织与联合国粮食及农业组织集体智慧的结晶,并吸收了合作成员国及国际商品机构专业意见,对国家、区域和全球主要农产品、生物燃料及渔品市场供需情况做出预测。

在编写本《展望》期间,2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行对农产品市场的确切影响尚未可知,因此并未将其纳入基线预测中,但本《展望》概述了COVID-19通过不同传播渠道对粮食及农业部门的影响。

补充信息可以在www.agri-outlook.org查阅。

Spanish, English, French

Adopting more sustainable ways of managing the ocean is a global priority: protecting its health will bring benefits to all. Developing countries face specific challenges, as many depend heavily on ocean-based industries and are overly exposed to the consequences of ocean degradation. Enhancing their access to science, policy advice and financing would allow them to tap better into the opportunities of a more sustainable ocean economy, including more decent jobs, cleaner energy, improved food security and enhanced resilience, while contributing to the protection of the world’s ocean.

This report provides policy makers in developing countries, as well as their development co-operation partners with a wealth of fresh evidence on (i) the latest trends in selected ocean-based industries; (ii) policy instruments, including economic incentives, to promote ocean sustainability in various contexts; (iii) the first review of development finance and development co-operation practices in support of more sustainable ocean economies, including a discussion of how development co-operation can help re-orient private finance towards sustainability.

This report explores how countries can strengthen the resilience of their agricultural sectors to multiple risks. A shifting risk landscape in agriculture – due to increasing weather variability, natural hazards, pests and diseases, and market shocks – will require public and private actors to consider the risk landscape over the long term, place a greater emphasis on what can be done ex ante to reduce risk exposure and increase preparedness, and prioritise investments that build resilience capacities both on-farm and for the sector as a whole. This report offers a framework for applying resilience thinking to risk management in agriculture, and explores how four OECD countries – Australia, Canada, Italy and the Netherlands – are mainstreaming resilience into their agricultural risk management policy frameworks.

  • 29 Jul 2020
  • OECD, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
  • Pages: 124

The Dominican Republic, though the fastest-growing economy in Latin America and the Caribbean since 2010, cannot afford complacency. The COVID-19 crisis may accelerate existing global trends that created the need for reforms addressing structural weaknesses that lurked beneath the surface well before the pandemic. The current situation demands an unpreceded policy effort to ensure a prompt and effective health response, and to guarantee short-term support for workers and firms. The enduring challenge will be updating the country’s development model through targeted reforms. The Production Transformation Policy Review (PTPR) of the Dominican Republic identifies priority reforms to update the national strategy, with perspectives on agro-food and nearshoring. It benefitted from peer review from the United States Reshoring Institute and the Ministry of Agriculture of Brazil.

  • 16 Jul 2020
  • OECD, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
  • Pages: 330

The OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2020-2029 is a collaborative effort of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation Development (OECD) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, incorporating expertise from collaborating member countries and international commodity organisations. It provides market projections for national, regional and global supply and demand of major agricultural commodities, biofuel and fish.

During the preparation of the OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2020-2029, the exact effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on agricultural markets were still largely unknown and they were therefore not incorporated in the baseline projections. Nevertheless, the Outlook aims to outline the channels of transmission of COVID-19 impacts on the various food and agriculture sectors.

Supplementary information can be found at www.agri-outlook.org.

Spanish, French, Chinese
  • 16 Jul 2020
  • OECD, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
  • Pages: 357

Fruit de la collaboration entre l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques (OCDE) et l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture (FAO), les Perspectives agricoles de l'OCDE et de la FAO 2020‑2029 s’appuient aussi sur le concours et les connaissances de pays membres et d’organisations internationales spécialisées dans les produits de base. Elles présentent des projections de l’offre et de la demande des principaux produits agricoles, des biocarburants et des produits halieutiques et aquacoles sur les marchés nationaux, régionaux et mondiaux.

Au moment où les Perspectives agricoles de l'OCDE et de la FAO 2020‑2029 ont été établies, les effets précis de la pandémie de COVID‑19 sur les marchés agricoles restaient en grande partie inconnus et n’ont donc pas été pris en compte dans les projections de référence. Néanmoins, cette édition s’attache à dessiner les contours des voies de transmission de ces effets sur les différentes filières agricoles et alimentaires.

Des informations supplémentaires sont fournies à l’adresse suivante : www.agri-outlook.org.

Spanish, Chinese, English
  • 30 Jun 2020
  • OECD
  • Pages: 508

This annual report monitors and evaluates agricultural policies spanning all six continents, including the 37 OECD countries, the five non-OECD EU Member States, and 12 emerging economies. It is a unique source of up-to date estimates of support to agriculture using a comprehensive system of measuring and classifying support to agriculture – the Producer and Consumer Support Estimates (PSEs and CSEs), the General Services Support Estimate (GSSE) and related indicators – which provide insight into the increasingly complex nature of agricultural policy and serve as a basis for OECD’s agricultural policy monitoring and evaluation. Comprehensive country chapters and the Statistical Annex containing detailed background tables with indicators of agricultural support are available in electronic form on the publication website.

French

Ce rapport annuel suit et évalue l’évolution des politiques agricoles à travers les six continents et inclut tous les 37 pays de l’OCDE, les cinq états de l’Union européenne qui ne sont pas membres de l’OCDE, et 12 économies émergentes. Ce rapport annuel est une source unique d’information sur le soutien actuel à l’agriculture et utilise un système cohérent de mesure et de classification du soutien agricole – les estimations du soutien aux producteurs et aux consommateurs (ESP et ESC), l’estimation au soutien aux services d’intérêt général (ESSG), et les indicateurs connexes – qui offrent une bonne compréhension des politiques agricoles dont la complexité va croissant et servent de base à leur suivi et à leur évaluation. La version complète des chapitres par pays (disponible uniquement en anglais) ainsi que l’annexe statistique, qui contient des tableaux détaillés des indicateurs de soutien à l’agriculture ne sont disponibles que sous leur forme électronique sur le site des publications.

English

L'OCDE s'efforce de trouver des solutions fondées sur des données probantes à toute une série de défis sociaux, économiques et environnementaux, en promouvant "Des politiques meilleures pour une vie meilleure". La propagation mondiale du coronavirus en 2020 a rendu l'engagement au service de cet objectif d'autant plus pertinent. Cette édition du Rapport du Secrétaire général de l'OCDE aux ministres présente les principales réalisations de l'OCDE en 2019. Elle décrit les travaux de l'OCDE sur l'économie, l'emploi, l'éducation, la santé, les inégalités, l'environnement, la fiscalité et bien d’autres domaines, dans le contexte d’un monde en rapide évolution. Ce rapport présente également les activités du Secrétaire général et de son bureau, ainsi que celles des directions, agences, entités spéciales et comités consultatifs de l'OCDE.

L’OCDE constitue au niveau mondial l’une des sources les plus importantes et les plus fiables de recherche et de données statistiques comparables. C’est aussi un forum et un pôle de connaissances sans équivalent pour l’échange d’expériences, le partage de bonnes pratiques et la formulation de conseils sur les politiques publiques et l’élaboration de normes de référence au niveau mondial. Cette année marquera le 60e anniversaire de l’Organisation : ce sera l'occasion de nous retourner sur le passé et d’élaborer une vision pour l'avenir. Plus que jamais, nous avons besoin de politiques fondées sur des données probantes pour construire des sociétés et des économies qui soient plus résilientes, plus inclusives et plus durables.

English
  • 23 Jun 2020
  • OECD
  • Pages: 136

The OECD works on finding evidence-based solutions to a range of social, economic and environmental challenges, promoting “Better Policies for Better Lives”. The global spread of coronavirus in 2020 has made the commitment to this motto all the more relevant. This edition of the OECD Secretary-General's Report to Ministers outlines the main achievements of the OECD in 2019. It describes the OECD’s work on economics, employment, education, health, inequalities, the environment, tax and many other fields in the context of a rapidly changing world. It includes the activities of the Secretary-General and his office, as well as those of OECD directorates, agencies, special entities and advisory committees.

The OECD is one of the world’s largest and most trusted sources of comparable statistical data and research. It is also a unique forum and knowledge hub for exchange of experiences, best-practice sharing, and advice on public policies and global standard-setting. This year will mark the 60th anniversary of the Organisation, and this will be the opportunity to reflect on the past, and develop a vision for the future. More than ever, we need evidence-based policies geared towards building societies and economies that are more resilient, inclusive and sustainable.

French

L’utilisation des terres occupe une place centrale dans bon nombre des défis environnementaux et socioéconomiques d’aujourd’hui. Ce rapport examine les problèmes actuels devant être surmontés pour mettre la politique foncière en phase avec les objectifs en matière de climat, de biodiversité et d’alimentation, ainsi que les possibilités de rendre les systèmes d’utilisation des terres plus durables. Six pays sont étudiés : Brésil, France, Indonésie, Irlande, Mexique et Nouvelle-Zélande. Tous se caractérisent par un secteur agricole et forestier relativement important et des émissions de gaz à effet de serre correspondantes élevées. La plupart de ces pays abritent également une biodiversité d’importance mondiale. À partir de l’analyse des stratégies et plans nationaux, ainsi que des instruments d’action et de coordination institutionnelle mis en place par ces pays, le rapport fournit des indications sur les bonnes pratiques permettant de mieux aligner les processus de décision en matière d’utilisation des terres et de rendre plus cohérents les objectifs concernant l’utilisation des terres, le climat, les écosystèmes et l’alimentation.

English

Land use is central to many of the environmental and socio-economic issues facing society today. This report examines on-going challenges for aligning land-use policy with climate, biodiversity and food objectives, and the opportunities to enhance the sustainability of land-use systems. It looks at six countries – Brazil, France, Indonesia, Ireland, Mexico and New Zealand – with relatively large agricultural and forestry sectors and associated greenhouse gas emissions, many of which also host globally important biodiversity. Drawing on these countries’ relevant national strategies and plans, institutional co-ordination and policy instruments, the report provides good practice insights on how to better align land use decision-making processes and to achieve stronger coherence between land use, climate, ecosystems and food objectives.

French
  • 10 Feb 2020
  • OECD
  • Pages: 262

This review of taxation in agriculture in 35 OECD countries and emerging economies outlines the diversity of tax provisions affecting agriculture, provides an overview of cross-country differences in tax policy, and confirms the widespread use of tax concessions specifically for agriculture, although their importance and modalities differ across tax areas and countries. Potential effects on innovation, productivity, and sustainability in the agricultural sector are also discussed.

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