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The private provision of biodiversity products and services is proving to be quite feasible in some circumstances.  Some biodiversity products and services are already being profitably marketed. Private markets also need to be supported by appropriate public policies. This publication provides a conceptual framework for market creation in the biodiversity policy arena, as well as several examples of where the use of markets can assist policy makers in the search for more sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity.

French

Household choices – such as what to eat, how to get to work and how to heat our homes – have significant implications for the environment. With the urgency of environmental action and the need to shift to more sustainable consumption patterns, making more sustainable choices holds great potential to reduce environmental impacts. Yet in the context of interlocking crises, governments face challenges in supporting households with policies that realise this potential.

How Green is Household Behaviour? presents an overview of results from the 2022 OECD Survey on Environmental Policies and Individual Behaviour Change. The survey investigates household attitudes and behaviour with respect to energy, transport, waste and food systems. It was carried out across more than 17 000 households in 9 countries, including Belgium, Canada, Israel, France, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States. The data collected also include information on self-reported motivations and barriers to change, providing a unique source of empirical evidence to inform policy efforts to shift to more sustainable consumption patterns.

French

This publication examines the risks associated with the release of excessive nitrogen into the environment (climate change, depletion of the ozone layer, air pollution, water pollution, loss of biodiversity, deterioration of soil quality). The report also examines the uncertainty associated with the ability of nitrogen to move from one ecosystem to another and cause "cascading effects". In addition to better management of nitrogen risks at the local level, there is a need to consider the global risks associated with the continued increase in nitrous oxide concentrations and to prevent excess nitrogen in all its forms by developing cost-effective strategies for all its sources. Other than the reduction of nitrogen pollution, this report provides guidance on the use of nitrogen policy instruments and how to ensure coherence with objectives such as food security, energy security and environmental objectives.

French
  • 14 Oct 2016
  • OECD, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
  • Pages: 93

OECD và FAO xây dựng Hướng dẫn này để giúp các doanh nghiệp tuân thủ các tiêu chuẩn về ứng xử kinh doanh có trách nhiệm và cam kết thẩm định dọc theo chuỗi cung ứng nông sản nhằm đảm bảo rằng hoạt động của họ đóng góp vào phát triển bền vững. Hướng dẫn này bao gồm: · một chính sách mẫu của doanh nghiệp, nêu rõ các tiêu chuẩn mà doanh nghiệp cần tuân thủ để xây dựng các chuỗi cung ứng nông sản có trách nhiệm · một khuôn khổ thẩm định dựa trên rủi ro, mô tả năm (5) bước doanh nghiệp cần tuân thủ để nhận diện, đánh giá, giảm thiểu và giải trình về cách thức giải quyết các tác động bất lợi từ hoạt động của doanh nghiệp · mô tả các rủi ro chính mà doanh nghiệp phải đối mặt cùng với các biện pháp giảm thiểu những rủi ro này · hướng dẫn doanh nghiệp tiếp xúc với người dân bản địa

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